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International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences
ISSN: 2076-734X, EISSN: 2076-7366
Volume 4, Issue 1 (July, 2010)
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1. |
IMO LATERITIC SOIL AS A SORBENT FOR HEAVY METALS |
by Felix F. Udoeyo, Robert Brooks, Hilary Inyang & Sunyoung Bae |
Abstract |
This paper presents the results of an experimental program to investigate the adsorption capacity of Imo laterite as a sorbent for heavy metals in contaminant barriers. The study reveals that the adsorption capacity of the soil for Pb, Cd, and As increases with increase in sorbate concentration.
Based on the obtained results it was established that arsenic has the highest affinity for the lateritic soil, followed by lead, and then by cadmium. The soil may be used as lining material under landfills to absorb the heavy metals so that the ground water resources could be maintained safer.
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2. |
SIMULATION OF FLOW THROUGH A PUMP SUMP AND ITS VALIDATION |
by Tanweer S. Desmukh, & V.K Gahlot
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Abstract |
The efficiency and performance of pumping stations involving
multiple pumping units depends not only on the efficiency of the pumping units but also on the proper design of the Intake sump. The proper design of pump intake is
not an easy task because of the various site-specific geometrical and hydraulic
constraints. The time and cost involved in sump model studies for design and optimization
of sump geometry can be reduced to a large extent through CFD studies. However,
writing a separate code for each new product is not feasible. Hence this work is
aimed at determining the feasibility of commercial CFD software as a design optimization
tool for pump sumps. In the present study commercially available software ANSYS
CFX has been used for CFD analysis of flow conditions in a pump sump and the results
obtained are found to be in good agreement with the experimentally observed flow
patterns
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3. |
USING THE NONLINEAR PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO) ALGORITHM TO REDUCE THE MAGNETIC FIELDS FROM OVERHEAD HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINES |
by M.S.H. Al Salameh, I.M. Nejdawi & O.A. Alani |
Abstract |
Using particle
swarm optimization (PSO), the influence of the geometrical configuration of conductors
is studied in order to minimize the magnetic field near both single circuit and
double circuit high voltage overhead power transmission lines. New arrangements
of high voltage "green lines" are proposed. The results indicate that the magnetic
field can be reduced up to 48% under the influence of wind and ice, and 80%, neglecting
them. Accordingly, the necessary ROW (Right Of Way) width, so that the magnetic
field outside ROW does not exceed an example reference value of 0.4 μT, can be reduced
by up to 48% if wind and ice are taken into account and by up to 90% if not, for
the same range of line heights. Complex and real image theories were implemented
to find the magnetic and electric fields, respectively, near the transmission line.
The electric field is evaluated and it is found that it is acceptable. Also, results
showed that the bundling affects the electric field only.
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4. |
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF DGSC-UPQC |
by G. Sridhar Reddy |
Abstract |
The use of Dispersed
or Distributed Generation (DG) has been increased in recent years to fill the gap
between supply and demand of energy, as the sources of conventional power generation
are depleting fast. DGs through static compensators are also used for improving the power quality of distribution systems like mitigation of voltage dips and compensation
of harmonics. Shunt, series, and series-shunt type of configuration of static compensators
combined with DG have been proposed in the literature.
This paper presents a feasibility analysis of DGSC-UPQC (Distributed Generation
based Static Compensator as Unified Power Quality Conditioner), a series-shunt type
of static compensator with DG. The analysis has been carried from technical and
economical aspects when the device i.e. DGSC-UPQC is used for compensation of unbalance
in source voltages and load currents and power factor improvement. Simulation results
show the capability of the DGSC-UPQC to compensate the unbalance in source voltages
and load currents satisfactorily.
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5. |
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARYING SP2/SP3 NANOCLUSTER’S GROWN UNDER VARIOUS PROCESS CONDITIONS |
by Niranjana S, B.S Satyanaryana, U.C Niranjan & Shounak De |
Abstract |
Continuous or pulsed vacuum based cathodic arc systems
are proven as novel, and important for the
thin film growth from insulator, semiconductor
to conductor. There are several key process
parameters such as Gas composition, conditions at substrate (Temperature,
Pressure), Deposition Rate, Deposition time, Position of substrate, and type of
arc. The process parameters has a significant
influence on the characteristics and growth of nanocluster. The variation
in the process parameter affects the
nanocluster morphology, structure, composition, electronic and optoelectronic properties,
which make it useful for different application. The carbon based nanocluster samples
grown at fixed conditions of nitrogen partial pressure (10–4 Torr and 10–3 Torr)
under varying conditions
of Helium
partial pressure from 5x10
– 4 Torr to 50
Torr resulted samples with different morphology and properties. Presented
here morphological details of various samples grown
under various process parameters, some using continuous and other using pulsed
cathodic arc process. Discussed carbon nanocluster characteristics using SEM, Field emission response, and Raman response.
Proposed an approach of grouping sp2/sp3 nanocarbons based statistical parameters.
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6. |
A Novel Digital Adder Design Based On Residue Number System with Special Set of Moduli {2N+1, 2N, 2N-1} |
by Ahmad Q. Al Badawi, Ahmad M. Baset & Qasem S.Abu Al-Haija' |
Abstract |
As one of the processor's ALU performance issues, the
carry propagation during the addition operation limits the speed of arithmetic operation.
This work aims to build an Efficient Hardware Design for an Adder based on Residual
Numbering System (RNS), with a pre-specified special set of moduli to simplify the
implementation for the purpose of proving the feasibility of its usage. Our design
can be divided into three basic components: two conversion modules, and an addition
module. The conversion modules here are based on a special set of moduli numbers
to simplify the hardware implementation. In this work, we focus on forward conversion
(conventional to RNS) leaving reverse converter {RNS to conventional} for future
works. Depending on this notion, we implemented each component individually in VHDL
and then to assemble these components with each other to build a whole RNS-Adder.
Simulation results are very attractive in terms of critical path delay.
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7. |
AN EFFICIENT MONITORING OF SUBSTATIONS USING MICROCONTROLLER BASED MONITORING SYSTEM |
by V.Thiyagarajan And T.G Palanivel |
Abstract |
The paper proposes an innovative design to develop a system
based on AVR micro controller that is used for monitoring the voltage, current and
temperature of a distribution transformer in a substation and to protect the system
from the rise in mentioned parameters. Providing the protection to the distribution
transformer can be accomplished by shutting down the entire unit with the aid of
the Radio frequency Communication. Moreover the system displays the same on a PC
at the main station which is at a remote place. Furthermore it is capable of recognizing
the break downs caused due to overload, high temperature and over voltage. The design
generally consists of two units, one in the substation unit, called as transmitter
and display unit, and another in the Main station called as controlling unit. The
transmitter and the display units in the substation is where the voltage, current
and temperature are monitored continuously by AVR microcontroller and is displayed
through the display unit. An RF transmitter is used for transmitting the signals
that are obtained. The controlling unit in the main station by means of a PC and
a RF receiver receives the RF signals that are transmitted by the Transmitter unit
and reacts in accordance to the received signal.
In general, the proposed design is developed for the user to easily recognize
the distribution transformer that is suffered by any open or short circuit and rise
in temperatures. The ultimate objective is to monitor the electrical parameters
continuously and hence to guard the burning of distribution transformer or power
transformer due to the constraints such as overload, over temperature and input
high voltage. If any of these values increases beyond the limit then the entire
unit is shut down by the designed controlling unit.
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8. |
IMAGE FUSION TECHNIQUES |
by A.Umaamaheshvari & K.Thanushkodi |
Abstract |
The conventional image embedding technique is watermarking which applies DCT to
the host image. The problem appeared in this technique is that the size of the host
image should be greater than the signature image , thereby reducing the signal to
noise ratio and degrades the system performance. In our proposed system image fusion
techniques are being used. At the basic two signature images are being fused. Both
significant and insignificant pixels
of two images are transmitted. This project can fuse different types of images like
RGB images, Gray scale images(medical, satellite),normal photo images. The proposed
system discussed is a User Interactive Model. User Interactive in the sense, merely
four different compression techniques can be simulated and the performance measure
can also be done. The user can choose his/her compression techniques based on the
specifications they need.
Two levels of
security are being embedded with images. The sizes of images are not a constraint
in this system as computations are in array editor. Varied dimension images can
also be used. Fusing multiple images upto 8 has been proposed in this system. The
simulation process is done by MATLAB 7.0. In order to improve the efficiency of
the project, Memory allocated for the program, Elapsed time for the compression
to run and compression ratio for fused image and compressed image is being formulated.
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9. |
THE DIVIDE AND CONQUER ALGORITHM:A NEW ATTACK ON THE DISCRETE LOGARITHM PROBLEM ON ELLIPTIC CURVES AND FINITE FIELDS |
by Malek Jakob Kakish |
Abstract |
The term data security
is very essential in computer information systems, everyday huge amount of confidential
and case sensitive information are sent across telecommunication networks (e.g.
in sectors like military, banking, trade and telecommunication companies), or stored
or used in processing systems to obtain
results and help to make decisions. Such confidential information need to be protected
against many kinds of threats and attacks like interception or modification which
can lead to lose of money, or lose of reputation and thus destroy businesses.
To achieve high
degree of security, we need algorithms that are well studied and which are proven
to provide the security that we are seeking.
Cryptography is the science of building cryptographic systems (e.g. RSA, ElGamal,
Diffie-Hellman, Elliptic Curves cryptosystems, etc. ) that allow us to encrypt and
decrypt data, where the security of such cryptosystems are based on the apparent
intractability of solving some mathematical number theoretic problems Such problems
are generally considered as being difficult to solve if we chose the associated
parameters carefully.
This attack introduces
a new attack on the Discrete Logarithm Problem over elliptic curves and finite fields,
this attacks is more significant elliptic curves cryptosystems because not many
attacks are known on elliptic curves.
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10. |
STOCHASTIC BEHAVIOUR OF COMMUNICATION SUBSYSTEM OF COMMUNICATION SATELLITE |
by S.K. Mittal, Deepankar Sharma & Neelam Sharma |
Abstract |
The authors in this paper have discussed the stochastic
behavior of communication satellite for evaluation of some important reliability
parameters. One Standby control unit has been taken to improve system’s
performance. This Standby unit can take place through a perfect switching device.
Supplementary variable technique has been used to convert a Non-Markovian process
in to Markovian one. Steady-State behavior of the system has obtained. All the transition
State probabilities, in case repairs follows exponential time distribution, have
also computed to improve practical utility of the model.
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11. |
TEN FOLD ECONOMY OF MOTOR OILS AND DOUBLING OF RESERVE MAINTENANCE PERIODS FOR ACCOUNT IT IS SOLID ADDITION OF "STUFFING" OF OIL FILTERS |
by AttyaouiI Slimen, Ali Chaouki, Mlik Said, Jallouli Ibrahim & Gnilamiodov MikhailL Efimovitch |
Abstract |
Ecological motives and theoretical, bases of
modelling of mechanisms, of realization of effect without the wear gear knots engines
of the internal combustion which are carried out for the account gear catalytic
of regeneration of motor oils and subsequent their stabilization rheological of
properties as a result of contact interaction with firm additives of special structure
directly in system hermetically sealed from an environment of greasing are considered.
Physical and mathematical algorithms and methodological recommendations are formulated
on the problems of computer forecasting of qualitative structure of firm additives,
the quantitative analysis heat exchange processes and long-term management of motor
potential of engines of internal combustion.
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12. |
A DATA WAREHOUSE SOLUTION FOR E-GOVERNMENT |
by Xiufeng Liu & Xiaofeng Luo |
Abstract |
The
eGovMon Data Warehouse (eGovMon DW) is built as a data repository for eGovernment
services benchmarking results. We propose a DW architecture with open source business
intelligence technologies for eGovernment. This DW architecture uses PostgreSQL
as the DBMS, eGovernment operational system as the data source, and a right-time
ETL tool to populate the data. Through this proposal, we give the potential research
interests and issues for our future work.
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