Semi-empirical procedures for evaluating the liquefaction resistance of saturated sands based on N- SPT test have been re-examined and revised for use in practice by many researchers. In this paper, after presenting different Semi empirical methods based on N-SPT, liquefaction resistance of Babolsar sandy soil considering its geotechnical characteristics was evaluated by each method, Also by considering main parameters affecting on liquefaction resistance, different graphs based on CRR and significant parameters have been drawn.

This paper presents the applicability of the radial basis function network (RBFN) for prediction of natural convection heat transfer from a confined horizontal elliptic tube. The RBF structure is developed and trained with the help of data obtained by a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. It is expensive and time consuming to do experimental work with changing all variables. The radial basis function network is developed with tube axis ratio, distance from the center of tube and rayliegh number as inputs and average nusselt number as desired output. We used the radial basis function network to simulate the steady condition of heat transfer rate distribution in described geometry. The results of network have an excellent agreement with experimental data. Therefore, the network can be used to predict the unseen data points within the range of experimental results.

Many critical applications in science, industry and health-care require environments such as clean rooms that are free of particulate and or biological matter. People are the major sources of contaminants in clean rooms, being responsible for approximately 80% of the total suspended particulates. The body fluid ‘sweat’ is considered as the main source of humidity in the room. In this investigation air circulation, temperature and humidity distribution in a room with occupancy have been studied for different location of air inlet and outlet on opposite wall for different values of Gr using Lam-Bremhorst model ( Low Reynolds number version of k- turbulence model ). The walls have been assumed to be at constant temperature. Navier Stokes equations, energy and humidity ratio equations in two-dimensional rectangular cartesian co-ordinates have been solved by control volume method. It has been observed that water vapour rises along the mass transfer boundary layers on both the sides of human block and is convected along the main stream towards the exit.

Chang earthen dam is located in Kachchh district of Gujarat state, India, severely affected by the massive earthquake of intensity 6.7 on Richter scale on 26th January 2001. Chang Dam, with a design capacity of 6.9 million cmt was constructed in 1963. Chang Dam is located in the heart of epicentral region. The earthen dam has a total length of 1227 meter and the maximum height of 15.54 meter. The central hearting consists of impervious clayey fill, augmented with a central masonry core wall. The upstream and down stream shells are specified as semi pervious locally available silty sand, sandy silts and sandy clays. The liquefiable , fine to medium sands and silt sands excavated and replace to a fixed depth primarily to reduce leakage by under seepage and no attempts was made to remove all the potentially, liquefiable alluvium beneath the upstream and downstream embankment sections. During the earthquake significant liquefaction occurred below the upstream shell zone. A large translation slide occurred on the upstream side towards the reservoir resulting in to dropping the crest as a series of garbed blocks, with maximum crest loss of 6.5 meters. The large slope movements also produced large cracks and fissures on the upstream face of the dam. Silty sand boil ejects from the liquefied materials were observed at and near to the upstream toe. The major upstream slippage occurred longitudinally along the dam axis with a length of approximately 85 meters. The detailed soil tests of the existing dam section and foundation were carried out. The standard penetration value up to depth of 3.5m is found to be less than 14 so the loose layer is removed and it is replaced by good semi pervious earth layer. Also to densify foundation material below 3.5mt depth, wooden piles of 15 cm diameter in a 1.5 m grid throughout the full depth of the foundation is driven. Stability analysis of existing dam suggests that it is unsafe against earthquake loadings. So, additional earth work is added on u/s and d/s slopes. The present paper describes critically the damage due to earthquake and rehabilitation carried out for the dam.

In this study, a new transformation called two-dimensional differential transform is introduced to solve nonlinear Gas Dynamic and Klein-Gordon equations. Jafari [5] used homotopy analysis method to solve the nonlinear Gas Dynamic equation. The concept of differential transform (one-dimension) was first proposed and applied to solve linear and nonlinear initial value problems in electric circuit analysis by Zhou [9]. Using one-dimensional differential transform, Chen and Ho [3] proposed a method to solve eigenvalue problems. Using two-dimensional differential transformation technique, a closed form series solution or an approximate solution can be obtained. The differential transform method obtains an analytical solution in the form of a polynomial. It is different from the traditional high order Taylors series method, which requires symbolic competition of the necessary derivatives of the data functions. The Taylor series method is computationally taken long time for large orders. With this method, it is possible to obtain highly accurate results or exact solutions for differential equations. Ayaz developed differential transform method to two-dimensional problem for PDE’s initial value problems [1, 2]. Kurnaz et al. generalized DTM to n-dimensional case in order to solve PDEs [6]. Recently, this method has been successfully employed to solve many types of nonlinear problems in science and engineering[4, 7, 8]. This paper investigates for the first time the applicability and effectiveness of two-dimensional differential transform method on nonlinear Gas Dynamic and Klein-Gordon equations.

In this paper we introduce the strongly almost double entire di erence sequence spaces associated with multiplier sequences and study their different properties.

In the present study, a solar (PV) home power system integrating with conventional DG sets has been proposed for a grid deprived areas for rural India. The main objective of this scheme is optimal design of a solar (PV) powered power supply system to produce green power and reduce the use of conventional DG sets resulting in reduced cost of operation and maintenance. The cost of logistic by minimizing diesel runtime and fuel consumption thus will have a better impact on environment. The prototype unit for daily load energy requirement varying from 1200 - 1800Wh of a rural home has been developed. Performance tests were carried out for quality of power and efficiency of the converter system.

With growth and emergence in the field of adaptive materials, the need arises to study their applications in the field of structural, aerodynamic, aerospace and other fields. These materials can be used as sensors, transducers, and actuators. Although their basic constitutive relations are already developed, but there is still a great deal of scope left in the field of applications. With this aim, a nonlinear static analysis of orthotropic piezoelectric shallow cylindrical shell on Pasternak foundation is investigated in the present work. Basic formulation of the problem is based on strain energy concept, and the governing differential equations are obtained by using Euler’s variational principle. Galerkin error minimization technique has been used to solve the governing differential equations. The results are presented for simply supported immovable edge boundary condition. Influences of shell geometry, foundation parameter, and piezoelectric properties on load–deflection characteristics for different radius-to-thickness ratios are studied. Numerical results have been obtained for different values of geometrical parameters in terms of load, displacement, and electric potential. Geometrical parameters are represented through non-dimensional entities. The results are compared with nonlinear static analysis of an orthotropic shallow cylindrical shell without piezoelectric layer on Pasternak foundation. It is observed that an increase in the value of piezoelectric constant decreases the deflection of the shallow cylindrical shell under the identical values.